Extraction of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent: Kinetic Studies and Recovery of Asiaticoside by Macroporous Adsorption Resin

• Published in: ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• Main Authors: Fuad, Faiznur Mohd; Uyama, Hiroshi; Yang, Jinjun; Nadzir, Masrina Mohd
• Format: Article; Early Access
• Language: English
• Published: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG 2025
• Subjects: Science & Technology - Other Topics
• Online Access: https://www-webofscience-com.uitm.idm.oclc.org/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001391107000001
• ISSN: 2193-567X; 2191-4281
• DOI: 10.1007/s13369-024-09892-9

Asiaticoside is one of the biomarker components in Centella asiatica that possesses extraordinary medicinal properties. It can be used as a source of natural ingredients in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries. In this work, asiaticoside was extracted using ultrasound and betaine-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES). The kinetics of asiaticoside extraction was studied using Peleg's model. The influence of the extraction temperature, ultrasound power, and liquid-to-solid ratio on the model constants was investigated. The experimental data had good agreement with the predicted data, with R-2 > 0.90 and small RMSRE values (between 0.01 and 0.031), indicating the high reliability of the model in describing the extraction process of asiaticoside. The C. asiatica extract had a DPPH IC50 value of 8.63 +/- 0.88 mg/mL and a total phenolic content of 160.56 +/- 0.44 mg GAE/g. In addition, asiaticoside was recovered from the betaine-based NADES using macroporous adsorption resin. The effects of the amount of resin, extract dilution, ethanol concentration, and ethanol volume on the static adsorption/desorption performance were investigated. The highest recovery percentage of asiaticoside (71.36 +/- 0.51%) was obtained under the following conditions: 2 g of resin, 80% (v/v) diluted extract, 90% aqueous ethanol, and 50 mL of desorption solvent. This green extraction technique offers high extraction efficiency and high-quality extracts. Meanwhile, HPD 100 macroporous resin successfully recovered asiaticoside from the betaine-based NADES.