| Summary: | This study delves into the transformative potential of ammonia decomposition as a sustainable hydrogen production method, responding to critical deficiencies in current energy systems heavily reliant on fossil fuels. Amid escalating environmental challenges and the pressing need for clean energy alternatives, hydrogen stands out due to its high energy content and clean combustion attributes. We provide detailed review of recent advancements in eco-friendly and cost-effective catalysts and reactor technologies that amplify hydrogen production efficiency from ammonia. Our analysis delineates the evolution of noble and non-noble metal catalysts, focusing their role in enhancing the catalytic efficiency of ammonia decomposition. While noble metals like ruthenium and rhodium exhibit high activity and stability, their high cost and thermal sensitivity present substantial challenges. Alternatively, non-noble metals such as nickel and cobalt, particularly in bimetallic combinations, offer economical solutions with robust catalytic performance, leveraging synergistic effects to reduce costs and boost efficiency. Additionally, we explore state-of-the-art reactor technologies, focusing on catalytic membrane reactors and fixed bed reactors. Catalytic membrane reactors excel by combining reaction and separation processes to optimize hydrogen purity and overall efficiency. In contrast, advanced catalysts have improved fixed-bed reactors achieve industrial scalability and performance.
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