| Summary: | This article describes the process of fabricating an integrated all-solid electrode (IASE) by integrating thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. The fabrication of a pH sensing electrode (SE) involved utilizing a spin-coated thin film composed of TiO2. Thermally produced thin films ofAg/AgCl were used to develop solid reference electrodes (RE). The present work examined the impact of the drying process on the pH sensitivity and linearity of the low- temperature deposited IASE. The drying procedure was carried out within a temperature range from room temperature to 100 degrees C. The investigation involved the examination of crystallinity, surface morphology, and thin film composition through the utilization of field effect scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods. In addition, a comparison was made between the pH sensing performance of the IASE and a commercially available Ag/AgCl RE. The findings of this research demonstrate that the IASE sample, which underwent a drying process at a temperature of 100 degrees C, exhibited remarkable sensitivity and linearity values of 66.7 mV/pH and 0.9827, separately, when compared to the commercially available RE.
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