Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method

In the quest for superior materials, especially in industrial applications demanding strength, stiffness, low density, and cost-efficiency, composite materials have emerged as game changers. Combining a polymer matrix with reinforcement materials, they hold great promise. However, the challenge of p...

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Published in:JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
Main Authors: Malek, Nur Syahrul Nizam Abdul; Zawawi, Engku Zaharah Engku; Romli, Ahmad Zafir; Ibrahim, Nik Noor Idayu Nik
Format: Article; Early Access
Language:English
Published: WILEY 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www-webofscience-com.uitm.idm.oclc.org/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001135782700001
author Malek
Nur Syahrul Nizam Abdul; Zawawi
Engku Zaharah Engku; Romli
Ahmad Zafir; Ibrahim
Nik Noor Idayu Nik
spellingShingle Malek
Nur Syahrul Nizam Abdul; Zawawi
Engku Zaharah Engku; Romli
Ahmad Zafir; Ibrahim
Nik Noor Idayu Nik
Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
Polymer Science
author_facet Malek
Nur Syahrul Nizam Abdul; Zawawi
Engku Zaharah Engku; Romli
Ahmad Zafir; Ibrahim
Nik Noor Idayu Nik
author_sort Malek
spelling Malek, Nur Syahrul Nizam Abdul; Zawawi, Engku Zaharah Engku; Romli, Ahmad Zafir; Ibrahim, Nik Noor Idayu Nik
Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
English
Article; Early Access
In the quest for superior materials, especially in industrial applications demanding strength, stiffness, low density, and cost-efficiency, composite materials have emerged as game changers. Combining a polymer matrix with reinforcement materials, they hold great promise. However, the challenge of particle agglomeration looms large, especially at high loadings. Particle agglomeration disrupts filler distribution and gives rise to voids in polymer composites. This study investigates the fusion behavior of agglomerated Nylon particles and their influence on Nylon/epoxy composites. Using epoxy resin and Nylon SP301, a micron-sized Nylon 12 powder with a 185 degrees C melting point, composites were prepared at 3%, 9%, and 15% Nylon loading. After curing, these composites underwent controlled heating at 185, 195, and 205 degrees C, with a fusion of 20-100 min. At 185 degrees C, particles initially remain separate, forming slight clumps after 20 min and increasingly sticking together at 60 and 100 min. Shifting to 195 degrees C, particles begin consolidating into a solid mass even after 20 min. The introduction of Nylon decreases composite density compared to pure epoxy, and density changes vary with fusion time, exhibiting complete fusion, partial fusion, and shrinkage-induced gap formation. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis reveals evolving glass transition temperatures (Tg) influenced by the fusion process, with longer fusion times yielding higher Tg and greater heat capacity. Possible Fusion Behaviors and Temperature Gradients in a Nylon SP301/Epoxy Composite System.image
WILEY
0021-8995
1097-4628
2024


10.1002/app.55164
Polymer Science

WOS:001135782700001
https://www-webofscience-com.uitm.idm.oclc.org/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001135782700001
title Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
title_short Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
title_full Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
title_fullStr Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
title_full_unstemmed Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
title_sort Epoxy filled with nylon powder-An approach to reduce void formation via fused particle method
container_title JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
language English
format Article; Early Access
description In the quest for superior materials, especially in industrial applications demanding strength, stiffness, low density, and cost-efficiency, composite materials have emerged as game changers. Combining a polymer matrix with reinforcement materials, they hold great promise. However, the challenge of particle agglomeration looms large, especially at high loadings. Particle agglomeration disrupts filler distribution and gives rise to voids in polymer composites. This study investigates the fusion behavior of agglomerated Nylon particles and their influence on Nylon/epoxy composites. Using epoxy resin and Nylon SP301, a micron-sized Nylon 12 powder with a 185 degrees C melting point, composites were prepared at 3%, 9%, and 15% Nylon loading. After curing, these composites underwent controlled heating at 185, 195, and 205 degrees C, with a fusion of 20-100 min. At 185 degrees C, particles initially remain separate, forming slight clumps after 20 min and increasingly sticking together at 60 and 100 min. Shifting to 195 degrees C, particles begin consolidating into a solid mass even after 20 min. The introduction of Nylon decreases composite density compared to pure epoxy, and density changes vary with fusion time, exhibiting complete fusion, partial fusion, and shrinkage-induced gap formation. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis reveals evolving glass transition temperatures (Tg) influenced by the fusion process, with longer fusion times yielding higher Tg and greater heat capacity. Possible Fusion Behaviors and Temperature Gradients in a Nylon SP301/Epoxy Composite System.image
publisher WILEY
issn 0021-8995
1097-4628
publishDate 2024
container_volume
container_issue
doi_str_mv 10.1002/app.55164
topic Polymer Science
topic_facet Polymer Science
accesstype
id WOS:001135782700001
url https://www-webofscience-com.uitm.idm.oclc.org/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001135782700001
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collection Web of Science (WoS)
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