| الملخص: | This research investigates and develops an optical sensing method for measuring the nutrients of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in soil, presenting a noninvasive, efficient, and rapid approach to nutrient analysis. The study focuses on a direct detection technique utilizing light absorption, eliminating the reliance on destructive chemical processes while delivering accurate soil nutrient measurements. The system utilizes LEDs emit specific wavelengths for each nutrient: 450 nm for Nitrogen, 810 nm for Phosphorus, and 620 nm for Potassium. These wavelengths are selectively absorbed by the respective nutrients, allowing for accurate and reliable measurements. An Arduino-powered photodiode system is employed to detect light absorption, with the optimal path length between the LED and photodiode meticulously calibrated to enhance measurement accuracy. Experimental findings indicate that this method exhibits high sensitivity in detecting nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations, facilitating effective soil nutrient analysis. By providing real-time, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly soil monitoring, this research offers significant advancements for precision agriculture, empowering farmers to optimize fertilization strategies, improve crop yields, minimize resource wastage, and support sustainable agricultural practices at a larger scale. © 2024 IEEE.
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