| Summary: | Lung diseases rank as the third most prevalent cause of mortality globally. Accurate identification of lung disease is essential to provide appropriate medical intervention for patients. This research devised a categorization system for lung diseases using chest X-Rays (CXR). The system can identify bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, COVID-19, tuberculosis, and normal CXR. The approach for detecting lung diseases utilize a combination of hybrid transfer learning and bidirectional long short-term memory. The research included convolutional neural network (CNN) models including Resnet50-BiLSTM, VGG19-BiLSTM, InceptionV3-BiLSTM, Resnet50, VGG19, and InceptionV3. The Resnet50-BiLSTM model outperforms other models in terms of accuracy and overall performance. The Resnet50-BiLSTM model achieved an accuracy of 99.87%. The models that achieve the second greatest accuracy are Resnet50, VGG19-BiLSTM, VGG19, InceptionV3-BiLSTM, and InceptionV3. The research utilizes precision, recall, and F1-Measure to demonstrate that Resnet50-BiLSTM outperforms other methods by achieving the greatest value. This research improves the performance outcomes when compared to earlier studies. © 2025, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
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