Polarization-Insensitive, High-Efficiency Metasurface with Wide Reception Angle for Energy Harvesting Applications

• Published in: Sensors
• Main Author: Amer A.A.G.; Othman N.; Bait-Suwailamn M.M.; Sapuan S.Z.; Salem A.A.A.; Salh A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2025
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85215795675&doi=10.3390%2fs25020429&partnerID=40&md5=4ec2c473e3b6f3a58ae730236fef981f

This research presents an innovative polarization-insensitive metasurface (MS) harvester designed for energy harvesting applications at 5 GHz, capable of operating efficiently over wide reception angles. The proposed MS features a novel wheel-shaped resonator array whose symmetrical structure ensures insensitivity to the polarization of incident electromagnetic (EM) waves, enabling efficient energy absorption and minimizing reflections. Unlike conventional designs, the metasurface achieves near-unity harvesting efficiency, exceeds 94% under normal incidence, and maintains superior performance across various incident angles for TE and TM polarizations. To validate the design, a 5 × 5-unit cell array of the MS structure was fabricated and experimentally tested, demonstrating excellent agreement between simulation and measurement results. This work significantly advances metasurface-based energy harvesting by combining polarization insensitivity, wide-angle efficiency, and high absorption, making it a compelling solution for powering wireless sensor networks in next-generation applications. © 2025 by the authors.