| Summary: | Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) represent infrequent yet severe skin and mucous membrane disorders, frequently instigated by certain medications, notably carbamazepine. Diagnostic challenges arise due to the absence of definitive laboratory assays. While the presence of the HLA-B*1502 allele is established as a predisposing factor for carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN, instances of reaction manifestation in patients devoid of this genetic marker are documented. Essential to effective management is a comprehensive understanding of disease trajectory, precise discrimination from mimicking conditions, and prompt therapeutic intervention. This study underscores the critical importance of vigilant disease monitoring and personalized treatment approaches. Notably, this vigilance is imperative even in carbamazepine-treated patients lacking the HLA-B*1502 genotype. Additionally, the potential utility of exploring other alleles, such as HLA-B75, warrants consideration to optimize treatment strategies. © 2024 Universiti Putra Malaysia Press. All rights reserved.
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