Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review

Objective: This scoping review aims to identify the biomarkers of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) for the assessment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Material and Methods: A search was conducted on multiple databases, including S...

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Published in:Journal of Health Science and Medical Research
Main Author: Naqaweh A.; Mohamed S.O.; Saliman N.H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Prince of Songkla University 2024
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85209066959&doi=10.31584%2fjhsmr.20241102&partnerID=40&md5=cc82941df4fed655c9e1fd3ebf4d1b22
id 2-s2.0-85209066959
spelling 2-s2.0-85209066959
Naqaweh A.; Mohamed S.O.; Saliman N.H.
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
2024
Journal of Health Science and Medical Research
42
6
10.31584/jhsmr.20241102
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85209066959&doi=10.31584%2fjhsmr.20241102&partnerID=40&md5=cc82941df4fed655c9e1fd3ebf4d1b22
Objective: This scoping review aims to identify the biomarkers of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) for the assessment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Material and Methods: A search was conducted on multiple databases, including Scopus, ScienceDirect, WOS, and PubMed, spanning from 2015 to 2023. The criteria were selected based on the PRISMA guidelines. The search focuses on the macular OCT and OCTA biomarkers. Results: The search identified 114 studies, and 20 were included in the final review. OCT findings demonstrated a reduction in the thickness of retinal layers, mainly the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL), correlating inversely with the diabetes duration. OCTA enables precise assessment of retinal vascular changes, such as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and vessel density (VD), indicating DR severity. Increased FAZ area was observed in proliferative DR (PDR), and decreased VD impacted visual acuity. Other parameters (FAZ shape, circularity index, paracentral interpapillary area, fractal dimension, vessel length density, and perfusion density) are also altered in diabetic eyes. OCTA of the choriocapillaris studies reveals increased flow voids in PDR patients. Conclusion: The scoping review underscores the potential application of OCT and OCTA in deciphering DR pathophysiology and highlights novel biomarkers for its detection and diagnosis. Nevertheless, longitudinal studies are warranted to validate its clinical utility. This review emphasizes the importance of advancing OCT/OCTA technology to enhance DR assessment, and ultimately improve patient care. © 2024 JHSMR. Hosted by Prince of Songkla University. All rights reserved.
Prince of Songkla University
25869981
English
Article

author Naqaweh A.; Mohamed S.O.; Saliman N.H.
spellingShingle Naqaweh A.; Mohamed S.O.; Saliman N.H.
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
author_facet Naqaweh A.; Mohamed S.O.; Saliman N.H.
author_sort Naqaweh A.; Mohamed S.O.; Saliman N.H.
title Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
title_short Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
title_full Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
title_fullStr Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
title_sort Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
publishDate 2024
container_title Journal of Health Science and Medical Research
container_volume 42
container_issue 6
doi_str_mv 10.31584/jhsmr.20241102
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85209066959&doi=10.31584%2fjhsmr.20241102&partnerID=40&md5=cc82941df4fed655c9e1fd3ebf4d1b22
description Objective: This scoping review aims to identify the biomarkers of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) for the assessment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Material and Methods: A search was conducted on multiple databases, including Scopus, ScienceDirect, WOS, and PubMed, spanning from 2015 to 2023. The criteria were selected based on the PRISMA guidelines. The search focuses on the macular OCT and OCTA biomarkers. Results: The search identified 114 studies, and 20 were included in the final review. OCT findings demonstrated a reduction in the thickness of retinal layers, mainly the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL), correlating inversely with the diabetes duration. OCTA enables precise assessment of retinal vascular changes, such as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and vessel density (VD), indicating DR severity. Increased FAZ area was observed in proliferative DR (PDR), and decreased VD impacted visual acuity. Other parameters (FAZ shape, circularity index, paracentral interpapillary area, fractal dimension, vessel length density, and perfusion density) are also altered in diabetic eyes. OCTA of the choriocapillaris studies reveals increased flow voids in PDR patients. Conclusion: The scoping review underscores the potential application of OCT and OCTA in deciphering DR pathophysiology and highlights novel biomarkers for its detection and diagnosis. Nevertheless, longitudinal studies are warranted to validate its clinical utility. This review emphasizes the importance of advancing OCT/OCTA technology to enhance DR assessment, and ultimately improve patient care. © 2024 JHSMR. Hosted by Prince of Songkla University. All rights reserved.
publisher Prince of Songkla University
issn 25869981
language English
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