| Summary: | The odorless, dangerous gas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) raises a high safety alarm due to the risk of mortality and metal corrosion fatigue, both of which might result in fatalities and substantial capital costs. Various methods have been established in heavy sectors, such as the oil and petrochemical industries, and are widely utilized. Moreover, few studies have been conducted on small companies with lower investment costs. This investigation proved that hydrogel biochar composites (HBCs) was capable of adsorbing H2S from gas effluent. The HBC used in this study was made from biochar derived from empty fruit bunches (EFB). EFB biochar was subjected to two different chemical treatments (HCl and H2O2), and the results were designated as EFB biochar H100 and EFB biochar P100, respectively. The production of EFB-HBC is the result of the polymerization of treated EFB biochar (biochar H100 and biochar P100) with acrylamide (AAm), N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA), and ammonium persulfate (APS) to create EFB-HBC H100 and EFB-HBC P100. BET analysis of EFB-HBC P100 shows that higher surface area of 111.6225 m2/g compared to EFB-HBC. Based on field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM) analysis, it is possible to conclude that EFB-HBC P100 has adsorbent potential due to its large surface area and pore structure. The most versatile adsorbent is believed to be the EFB-HBC composite because of its strong characterization. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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