Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene

Pixel binning, a feature of high-megapixel smartphone cameras, exhibits performance comparable to traditional cameras. The field of photogrammetry has explored and adopted most kinds of technology, hence, pixel binning too should be adopted into forensic photogrammetry. This study evaluates the appl...

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Published in:Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Research
Main Author: Sukri S.I.; Mohd Ariff M.F.; Razali A.F.; Zainuddin K.; Yusof A.R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dr D. Pylarinos 2024
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85207523604&doi=10.48084%2fetasr.8309&partnerID=40&md5=30a0e1bd0f0c3c923e4d2ed0562b4cae
id 2-s2.0-85207523604
spelling 2-s2.0-85207523604
Sukri S.I.; Mohd Ariff M.F.; Razali A.F.; Zainuddin K.; Yusof A.R.
Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
2024
Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Research
14
5
10.48084/etasr.8309
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85207523604&doi=10.48084%2fetasr.8309&partnerID=40&md5=30a0e1bd0f0c3c923e4d2ed0562b4cae
Pixel binning, a feature of high-megapixel smartphone cameras, exhibits performance comparable to traditional cameras. The field of photogrammetry has explored and adopted most kinds of technology, hence, pixel binning too should be adopted into forensic photogrammetry. This study evaluates the application of pixel binning technology in forensic photogrammetry, specifically in 3D reconstruction at crime scenes. A simulated crime scene conducted at the UTM-PDRM lab was captured using smartphone cameras of 12MP and 50MP, and a 20MP DSLR camera. First, the cameras were calibrated to ensure their stability. Following the image capture, the data were processed to generate 3D point cloud models of the simulated crime scene. The geometric parameters resulting from the camera calibration were discussed. The 3D point cloud model by DSLR camera exhibited better visual quality than the smartphone cameras. This finding was supported by an analysis of overlapping images by each camera and a side-by-side comparison of the models. Measurements from the smartphones 1, 2 and the DSLR camera were compared to conventional Vernier calipers used in crime scene documentation. The resulting Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) differences were approximately ±5.62mm, ±5.59mm, and ±5.40mm, respectively. In conclusion, the pixel binning of smartphone cameras was able to produce reliable accuracy but requires stability in technology for 3D reconstruction. © by the authors.
Dr D. Pylarinos
22414487
English
Article
All Open Access; Gold Open Access
author Sukri S.I.; Mohd Ariff M.F.; Razali A.F.; Zainuddin K.; Yusof A.R.
spellingShingle Sukri S.I.; Mohd Ariff M.F.; Razali A.F.; Zainuddin K.; Yusof A.R.
Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
author_facet Sukri S.I.; Mohd Ariff M.F.; Razali A.F.; Zainuddin K.; Yusof A.R.
author_sort Sukri S.I.; Mohd Ariff M.F.; Razali A.F.; Zainuddin K.; Yusof A.R.
title Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
title_short Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
title_full Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
title_fullStr Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
title_full_unstemmed Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
title_sort Pixel Binning Effects of Smartphone Camera on Three-Dimensional (3D) Model Reconstructed Crime Scene
publishDate 2024
container_title Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Research
container_volume 14
container_issue 5
doi_str_mv 10.48084/etasr.8309
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85207523604&doi=10.48084%2fetasr.8309&partnerID=40&md5=30a0e1bd0f0c3c923e4d2ed0562b4cae
description Pixel binning, a feature of high-megapixel smartphone cameras, exhibits performance comparable to traditional cameras. The field of photogrammetry has explored and adopted most kinds of technology, hence, pixel binning too should be adopted into forensic photogrammetry. This study evaluates the application of pixel binning technology in forensic photogrammetry, specifically in 3D reconstruction at crime scenes. A simulated crime scene conducted at the UTM-PDRM lab was captured using smartphone cameras of 12MP and 50MP, and a 20MP DSLR camera. First, the cameras were calibrated to ensure their stability. Following the image capture, the data were processed to generate 3D point cloud models of the simulated crime scene. The geometric parameters resulting from the camera calibration were discussed. The 3D point cloud model by DSLR camera exhibited better visual quality than the smartphone cameras. This finding was supported by an analysis of overlapping images by each camera and a side-by-side comparison of the models. Measurements from the smartphones 1, 2 and the DSLR camera were compared to conventional Vernier calipers used in crime scene documentation. The resulting Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) differences were approximately ±5.62mm, ±5.59mm, and ±5.40mm, respectively. In conclusion, the pixel binning of smartphone cameras was able to produce reliable accuracy but requires stability in technology for 3D reconstruction. © by the authors.
publisher Dr D. Pylarinos
issn 22414487
language English
format Article
accesstype All Open Access; Gold Open Access
record_format scopus
collection Scopus
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