| Summary: | An integrated strategy of spin-coating and solution immersion methods was carried out to produce well-aligned zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs). First, a biologically synthesized ZnO seed layer (B-ZnO SL) solution was prepared using zinc nitrate hexahydrate as a precursor added with Pandanus amaryllifolius (PA) leaf extract at different concentrations (3% w/v, 6% w/v, and 9% w/v) as a stabilizer. This B-ZnO SL solution was deposited on a glass substrate using the spin-coating method. Second, ZnO-HMTA solution was prepared using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as a precursor and stabilizer, respectively. This ZnO-HMTA solution was deposited onto the previously prepared B-ZnO SL. The optimum PA leaf extract concentration for enhanced ZnO NRs was determined by measuring the absorbance of B-ZnO SL via ultraviolet–visible analysis. The highest absorbance corresponded to B-ZnO SL that consisted of 6% w/v of PA leaf extract with an absorption peak of 375 nm. Using X-ray diffraction, three primary peaks for ZnO NRs were detected at 2θ = 31.77°, 34.42°, and 36.24°, corresponding to (100), (002), and (101) ZnO crystallographic planes, respectively. By using field emission scanning electron microscopy, the smallest diameter of 96 nm was measured for the ZnO NRs synthesized on the B-ZnO SL with 6% w/v PA leaf extract. This study is the first to report on the efficacy of PA leaf extract at different concentrations to investigate the development of a highly crystalline and dense ZnO NRs structure. © 2024, Malaysian Society of Analytical Sciences. All rights reserved.
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