| Summary: | Calculus is a fundamental subject in Engineering. Many universities worldwide record high failure rates in calculus related courses. This study identifies key factors to the high calculus failure rate among students in university, categorized into students, lecturers, and curriculum domains. This research provides insights to guide the development of students’ calculus knowledge and skills and aims to support university lecturers in refining their teaching approaches to reduce calculus failure rates. This utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies for data analysis. The findings underscore the significance of lecturers’ perspectives and attitudes in calculus instruction. This research endeavors to address the challenges associated with calculus education and foster improved learning outcomes in Malaysia. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
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