The Association Between Academic Performance, Self-efficacy and Parenting Style Among Malaysian Undergraduate Dental Students

• Published in: Education in Medicine Journal
• Main Author: Ahmad M.S.; Shukri N.L.M.; Adzlee N.L.A.P.M.; Baharuddin I.H.; Rajali A.; Zulkifeli N.R.N.; Noorjamal N.A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia 2024
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85198276301&doi=10.21315%2feimj2024.16.2.4&partnerID=40&md5=6c972aaf1bd229789b2df6370c00536e

Self-efficacy and parenting style have been associated with academic performance and therefore should be investigated to facilitate students' overall well-being. This study was undertaken to determine the association between self-efficacy, parenting style and academic performance among dental students at a Malaysian institution. A validated survey instrument containing the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and the Self-Efficacy for Learning Form-Abridged (SELF-A) was distributed online to all dental students (Year 1 to Year 5; n = 356) at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia. Quantitative data were analysed via chi-square test, independent t-test and analysis of variance (significance value p < 0.05). The response rate was 87.7% (n = 356). Most parents (53.6% of fathers, 62.9% of mothers) demonstrated an authoritative parenting style. The mean self-efficacy score of all students was 3.35 out of 5.00 [standard deviation (SD) = 0.51]. Most students demonstrated average academic performance (65.7%). Students' academic performance and self-efficacy were significantly associated with academic year, but not with household income. There was a significant correlation between: (1) students' academic performance and fathers' parenting style; (2) students' self-efficacy and parenting style of both parents; and (3) students' self-efficacy and their academic performance. Parenting style and self-efficacy are significant factors that determine students' academic performance. © Malaysian Association of Education in Medicine and Health Sciences and Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia. 2024.