NORMs Spatial Distribution and Radiological Risk Assessment in the Soil of The Kesang River Basin, Malaysia

• Published in: Malaysian Journal of Soil Science
• Main Author: Ismail N.I.; Jaafar M.Z.; Hashim M.M.; Nik Ariffin N.A.; Zaharullil N.A.; Wan Mohd Zain W.Z.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Malaysian Society of Soil Science 2024
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85196509005&partnerID=40&md5=8076eee5d44fe20cdc31d51af1970538

This study investigates the levels of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) and their associated radiation risks in soil samples from the Kesang River basin. With Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) abundant in the environment and potentially entering the food chain, understanding their distribution and impact is crucial for environmental and public health. Eighteen soil samples were collected using a handheld auger and analysed via an EDXRF spectrometer. Results revealed concentrations of238 U,232 Th,40 K, and226 Ra ranging from 4.47 to 31.91 Bq/kg, 23.74 to 45.67 Bq/kg, 39.75 to 318.94 Bq/kg, and 16.09 to 110.00 Bq/kg, respectively. These findings were benchmarked against UNSCEAR 2000 guidelines. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) facilitated data interpretation, aiding in the identification of key variables influencing radiation exposure. Assessment of radiological hazard parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose (AED), external and internal hazard index (Hex and Hin), Gamma representative level index (Iγr), and Excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) revealed values lower than global averages. This underscores the importance of ongoing monitoring and mitigation efforts to ensure minimal radiation exposure. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into NORMs in the Kesang River basin, informing strategies for environmental management and public health protection. © 2024, Malaysian Society of Soil Science. All rights reserved.