Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant mental health challenges, particularly for vulnerable populations, including non-binary gender individuals. The COMET international study aimed to investigate specific risk factors for clinical depression or distress during the pandemic, also...

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Published in:Journal of Affective Disorders
Main Author: Fountoulakis K.N.; Vrublevska J.; Abraham S.; Adorjan K.; Ahmed H.U.; Alarcón R.D.; Arai K.; Auwal S.S.; Berk M.; Bjedov S.; Bobes J.; Bobes-Bascaran T.; Bourgin-Duchesnay J.; Bredicean C.A.; Bukelskis L.; Burkadze A.; Abud I.I.C.; Castilla-Puentes R.; Cetkovich M.; Colon-Rivera H.; Corral R.; Cortez-Vergara C.; Crepin P.; De Berardis D.; Delgado S.Z.; De Lucena D.; De Sousa A.; Di Stefano R.; Dodd S.; Elek L.P.; Elissa A.; Erdelyi-Hamza B.; Erzin G.; Etchevers M.J.; Falkai P.; Farcas A.; Fedotov I.; Filatova V.; Fountoulakis N.K.; Frankova I.; Franza F.; Frias P.; Galako T.; Garay C.J.; Garcia-Álvarez L.; García-Portilla M.P.; Gonda X.; Gondek T.M.; González D.M.; Gould H.; Grandinetti P.; Grau A.; Groudeva V.; Hagin M.; Harada T.; Hasan T.M.; Hashim N.A.; Hilbig J.; Hossain S.; Iakimova R.; Ibrahim M.; Iftene F.; Ignatenko Y.; Irarrazaval M.; Ismail Z.; Ismayilova J.; Jacobs A.; Jakovljević M.; Jakšić N.; Javed A.; Kafali H.Y.; Karia S.; Kazakova O.; Khalifa D.; Khaustova O.; Koh S.; Kosenko K.; Koupidis S.A.; Lalljee A.; Liewig J.; Majid A.; Malashonkova E.; Malik K.; Malik N.I.; Mammadzada G.; Mandalia B.; Marazziti D.; Marčinko D.; Martinez S.; Matiekus E.; Mejia G.; Memon R.S.; Martínez X.E.M.; Mickevičiūtė D.; Milev R.; Mohammed M.; Molina-López A.; Morozov P.; Muhammad N.S.; Mustač F.; Naor M.S.; Nassieb A.; Navickas A.; Okasha T.; Pandova M.; Panfil A.-L.; Panteleeva L.; Papava I.; Patsali M.E.; Pavlichenko A.; Pejuskovic B.; Da Costa M.P.; Popkov M.; Popovic D.; Raduan N.J.N.; Ramírez F.V.; Rancans E.; Razali S.; Rebok F.; Rewekant A.; Flores E.N.R.; Rivera-Encinas M.T.; Saiz P.; de Carmona M.S.; Martínez D.S.; Saw J.A.; Saygili G.; Schneidereit P.; Shah B.; Shirasaka T.; Silagadze K.; Sitanggang S.; Skugarevsky O.; Spikina A.; Mahalingappa S.S.; Stoyanova M.; Szczegielniak A.; Tamasan S.C.; Tavormina G.; Tavormina M.G.M.; Theodorakis P.N.; Tohen M.; Tsapakis E.M.; Tukhvatullina D.; Ullah I.; Vaidya R.; Vega-Dienstmaier J.M.; Vukovic O.; Vysotska O.; Widiasih N.; Yashikhina A.; Smirnova D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2024
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186520393&doi=10.1016%2fj.jad.2024.02.050&partnerID=40&md5=48dcc80d3427c2e6e41fefb83b142b4b
id 2-s2.0-85186520393
spelling 2-s2.0-85186520393
Fountoulakis K.N.; Vrublevska J.; Abraham S.; Adorjan K.; Ahmed H.U.; Alarcón R.D.; Arai K.; Auwal S.S.; Berk M.; Bjedov S.; Bobes J.; Bobes-Bascaran T.; Bourgin-Duchesnay J.; Bredicean C.A.; Bukelskis L.; Burkadze A.; Abud I.I.C.; Castilla-Puentes R.; Cetkovich M.; Colon-Rivera H.; Corral R.; Cortez-Vergara C.; Crepin P.; De Berardis D.; Delgado S.Z.; De Lucena D.; De Sousa A.; Di Stefano R.; Dodd S.; Elek L.P.; Elissa A.; Erdelyi-Hamza B.; Erzin G.; Etchevers M.J.; Falkai P.; Farcas A.; Fedotov I.; Filatova V.; Fountoulakis N.K.; Frankova I.; Franza F.; Frias P.; Galako T.; Garay C.J.; Garcia-Álvarez L.; García-Portilla M.P.; Gonda X.; Gondek T.M.; González D.M.; Gould H.; Grandinetti P.; Grau A.; Groudeva V.; Hagin M.; Harada T.; Hasan T.M.; Hashim N.A.; Hilbig J.; Hossain S.; Iakimova R.; Ibrahim M.; Iftene F.; Ignatenko Y.; Irarrazaval M.; Ismail Z.; Ismayilova J.; Jacobs A.; Jakovljević M.; Jakšić N.; Javed A.; Kafali H.Y.; Karia S.; Kazakova O.; Khalifa D.; Khaustova O.; Koh S.; Kosenko K.; Koupidis S.A.; Lalljee A.; Liewig J.; Majid A.; Malashonkova E.; Malik K.; Malik N.I.; Mammadzada G.; Mandalia B.; Marazziti D.; Marčinko D.; Martinez S.; Matiekus E.; Mejia G.; Memon R.S.; Martínez X.E.M.; Mickevičiūtė D.; Milev R.; Mohammed M.; Molina-López A.; Morozov P.; Muhammad N.S.; Mustač F.; Naor M.S.; Nassieb A.; Navickas A.; Okasha T.; Pandova M.; Panfil A.-L.; Panteleeva L.; Papava I.; Patsali M.E.; Pavlichenko A.; Pejuskovic B.; Da Costa M.P.; Popkov M.; Popovic D.; Raduan N.J.N.; Ramírez F.V.; Rancans E.; Razali S.; Rebok F.; Rewekant A.; Flores E.N.R.; Rivera-Encinas M.T.; Saiz P.; de Carmona M.S.; Martínez D.S.; Saw J.A.; Saygili G.; Schneidereit P.; Shah B.; Shirasaka T.; Silagadze K.; Sitanggang S.; Skugarevsky O.; Spikina A.; Mahalingappa S.S.; Stoyanova M.; Szczegielniak A.; Tamasan S.C.; Tavormina G.; Tavormina M.G.M.; Theodorakis P.N.; Tohen M.; Tsapakis E.M.; Tukhvatullina D.; Ullah I.; Vaidya R.; Vega-Dienstmaier J.M.; Vukovic O.; Vysotska O.; Widiasih N.; Yashikhina A.; Smirnova D.
Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
2024
Journal of Affective Disorders
352

10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.050
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186520393&doi=10.1016%2fj.jad.2024.02.050&partnerID=40&md5=48dcc80d3427c2e6e41fefb83b142b4b
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant mental health challenges, particularly for vulnerable populations, including non-binary gender individuals. The COMET international study aimed to investigate specific risk factors for clinical depression or distress during the pandemic, also in these special populations. Methods: Chi-square tests were used for initial screening to select only those variables which would show an initial significance. Risk Ratios (RR) were calculated, and a Multiple Backward Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis (MBSLRA) was followed with those variables given significant results at screening and with the presence of distress or depression or the lack of both of them. Results: The most important risk factors for depression were female (RR = 1.59–5.49) and non-binary gender (RR = 1.56–7.41), unemployment (RR = 1.41–6.57), not working during lockdowns (RR = 1.43–5.79), bad general health (RR = 2.74–9.98), chronic somatic disorder (RR = 1.22–5.57), history of mental disorders (depression RR = 2.31–9.47; suicide attempt RR = 2.33–9.75; psychosis RR = 2.14–10.08; Bipolar disorder RR = 2.75–12.86), smoking status (RR = 1.15–5.31) and substance use (RR = 1.77–8.01). The risk factors for distress or depression that survived MBSLRA were younger age, being widowed, living alone, bad general health, being a carer, chronic somatic disorder, not working during lockdowns, being single, self-reported history of depression, bipolar disorder, self-harm, suicide attempts and of other mental disorders, smoking, alcohol, and substance use. Conclusions: Targeted preventive interventions are crucial to safeguard the mental health of vulnerable groups, emphasizing the importance of diverse samples in future research. Limitations: Online data collection may have resulted in the underrepresentation of certain population groups. © 2024
Elsevier B.V.
1650327
English
Article

author Fountoulakis K.N.; Vrublevska J.; Abraham S.; Adorjan K.; Ahmed H.U.; Alarcón R.D.; Arai K.; Auwal S.S.; Berk M.; Bjedov S.; Bobes J.; Bobes-Bascaran T.; Bourgin-Duchesnay J.; Bredicean C.A.; Bukelskis L.; Burkadze A.; Abud I.I.C.; Castilla-Puentes R.; Cetkovich M.; Colon-Rivera H.; Corral R.; Cortez-Vergara C.; Crepin P.; De Berardis D.; Delgado S.Z.; De Lucena D.; De Sousa A.; Di Stefano R.; Dodd S.; Elek L.P.; Elissa A.; Erdelyi-Hamza B.; Erzin G.; Etchevers M.J.; Falkai P.; Farcas A.; Fedotov I.; Filatova V.; Fountoulakis N.K.; Frankova I.; Franza F.; Frias P.; Galako T.; Garay C.J.; Garcia-Álvarez L.; García-Portilla M.P.; Gonda X.; Gondek T.M.; González D.M.; Gould H.; Grandinetti P.; Grau A.; Groudeva V.; Hagin M.; Harada T.; Hasan T.M.; Hashim N.A.; Hilbig J.; Hossain S.; Iakimova R.; Ibrahim M.; Iftene F.; Ignatenko Y.; Irarrazaval M.; Ismail Z.; Ismayilova J.; Jacobs A.; Jakovljević M.; Jakšić N.; Javed A.; Kafali H.Y.; Karia S.; Kazakova O.; Khalifa D.; Khaustova O.; Koh S.; Kosenko K.; Koupidis S.A.; Lalljee A.; Liewig J.; Majid A.; Malashonkova E.; Malik K.; Malik N.I.; Mammadzada G.; Mandalia B.; Marazziti D.; Marčinko D.; Martinez S.; Matiekus E.; Mejia G.; Memon R.S.; Martínez X.E.M.; Mickevičiūtė D.; Milev R.; Mohammed M.; Molina-López A.; Morozov P.; Muhammad N.S.; Mustač F.; Naor M.S.; Nassieb A.; Navickas A.; Okasha T.; Pandova M.; Panfil A.-L.; Panteleeva L.; Papava I.; Patsali M.E.; Pavlichenko A.; Pejuskovic B.; Da Costa M.P.; Popkov M.; Popovic D.; Raduan N.J.N.; Ramírez F.V.; Rancans E.; Razali S.; Rebok F.; Rewekant A.; Flores E.N.R.; Rivera-Encinas M.T.; Saiz P.; de Carmona M.S.; Martínez D.S.; Saw J.A.; Saygili G.; Schneidereit P.; Shah B.; Shirasaka T.; Silagadze K.; Sitanggang S.; Skugarevsky O.; Spikina A.; Mahalingappa S.S.; Stoyanova M.; Szczegielniak A.; Tamasan S.C.; Tavormina G.; Tavormina M.G.M.; Theodorakis P.N.; Tohen M.; Tsapakis E.M.; Tukhvatullina D.; Ullah I.; Vaidya R.; Vega-Dienstmaier J.M.; Vukovic O.; Vysotska O.; Widiasih N.; Yashikhina A.; Smirnova D.
spellingShingle Fountoulakis K.N.; Vrublevska J.; Abraham S.; Adorjan K.; Ahmed H.U.; Alarcón R.D.; Arai K.; Auwal S.S.; Berk M.; Bjedov S.; Bobes J.; Bobes-Bascaran T.; Bourgin-Duchesnay J.; Bredicean C.A.; Bukelskis L.; Burkadze A.; Abud I.I.C.; Castilla-Puentes R.; Cetkovich M.; Colon-Rivera H.; Corral R.; Cortez-Vergara C.; Crepin P.; De Berardis D.; Delgado S.Z.; De Lucena D.; De Sousa A.; Di Stefano R.; Dodd S.; Elek L.P.; Elissa A.; Erdelyi-Hamza B.; Erzin G.; Etchevers M.J.; Falkai P.; Farcas A.; Fedotov I.; Filatova V.; Fountoulakis N.K.; Frankova I.; Franza F.; Frias P.; Galako T.; Garay C.J.; Garcia-Álvarez L.; García-Portilla M.P.; Gonda X.; Gondek T.M.; González D.M.; Gould H.; Grandinetti P.; Grau A.; Groudeva V.; Hagin M.; Harada T.; Hasan T.M.; Hashim N.A.; Hilbig J.; Hossain S.; Iakimova R.; Ibrahim M.; Iftene F.; Ignatenko Y.; Irarrazaval M.; Ismail Z.; Ismayilova J.; Jacobs A.; Jakovljević M.; Jakšić N.; Javed A.; Kafali H.Y.; Karia S.; Kazakova O.; Khalifa D.; Khaustova O.; Koh S.; Kosenko K.; Koupidis S.A.; Lalljee A.; Liewig J.; Majid A.; Malashonkova E.; Malik K.; Malik N.I.; Mammadzada G.; Mandalia B.; Marazziti D.; Marčinko D.; Martinez S.; Matiekus E.; Mejia G.; Memon R.S.; Martínez X.E.M.; Mickevičiūtė D.; Milev R.; Mohammed M.; Molina-López A.; Morozov P.; Muhammad N.S.; Mustač F.; Naor M.S.; Nassieb A.; Navickas A.; Okasha T.; Pandova M.; Panfil A.-L.; Panteleeva L.; Papava I.; Patsali M.E.; Pavlichenko A.; Pejuskovic B.; Da Costa M.P.; Popkov M.; Popovic D.; Raduan N.J.N.; Ramírez F.V.; Rancans E.; Razali S.; Rebok F.; Rewekant A.; Flores E.N.R.; Rivera-Encinas M.T.; Saiz P.; de Carmona M.S.; Martínez D.S.; Saw J.A.; Saygili G.; Schneidereit P.; Shah B.; Shirasaka T.; Silagadze K.; Sitanggang S.; Skugarevsky O.; Spikina A.; Mahalingappa S.S.; Stoyanova M.; Szczegielniak A.; Tamasan S.C.; Tavormina G.; Tavormina M.G.M.; Theodorakis P.N.; Tohen M.; Tsapakis E.M.; Tukhvatullina D.; Ullah I.; Vaidya R.; Vega-Dienstmaier J.M.; Vukovic O.; Vysotska O.; Widiasih N.; Yashikhina A.; Smirnova D.
Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
author_facet Fountoulakis K.N.; Vrublevska J.; Abraham S.; Adorjan K.; Ahmed H.U.; Alarcón R.D.; Arai K.; Auwal S.S.; Berk M.; Bjedov S.; Bobes J.; Bobes-Bascaran T.; Bourgin-Duchesnay J.; Bredicean C.A.; Bukelskis L.; Burkadze A.; Abud I.I.C.; Castilla-Puentes R.; Cetkovich M.; Colon-Rivera H.; Corral R.; Cortez-Vergara C.; Crepin P.; De Berardis D.; Delgado S.Z.; De Lucena D.; De Sousa A.; Di Stefano R.; Dodd S.; Elek L.P.; Elissa A.; Erdelyi-Hamza B.; Erzin G.; Etchevers M.J.; Falkai P.; Farcas A.; Fedotov I.; Filatova V.; Fountoulakis N.K.; Frankova I.; Franza F.; Frias P.; Galako T.; Garay C.J.; Garcia-Álvarez L.; García-Portilla M.P.; Gonda X.; Gondek T.M.; González D.M.; Gould H.; Grandinetti P.; Grau A.; Groudeva V.; Hagin M.; Harada T.; Hasan T.M.; Hashim N.A.; Hilbig J.; Hossain S.; Iakimova R.; Ibrahim M.; Iftene F.; Ignatenko Y.; Irarrazaval M.; Ismail Z.; Ismayilova J.; Jacobs A.; Jakovljević M.; Jakšić N.; Javed A.; Kafali H.Y.; Karia S.; Kazakova O.; Khalifa D.; Khaustova O.; Koh S.; Kosenko K.; Koupidis S.A.; Lalljee A.; Liewig J.; Majid A.; Malashonkova E.; Malik K.; Malik N.I.; Mammadzada G.; Mandalia B.; Marazziti D.; Marčinko D.; Martinez S.; Matiekus E.; Mejia G.; Memon R.S.; Martínez X.E.M.; Mickevičiūtė D.; Milev R.; Mohammed M.; Molina-López A.; Morozov P.; Muhammad N.S.; Mustač F.; Naor M.S.; Nassieb A.; Navickas A.; Okasha T.; Pandova M.; Panfil A.-L.; Panteleeva L.; Papava I.; Patsali M.E.; Pavlichenko A.; Pejuskovic B.; Da Costa M.P.; Popkov M.; Popovic D.; Raduan N.J.N.; Ramírez F.V.; Rancans E.; Razali S.; Rebok F.; Rewekant A.; Flores E.N.R.; Rivera-Encinas M.T.; Saiz P.; de Carmona M.S.; Martínez D.S.; Saw J.A.; Saygili G.; Schneidereit P.; Shah B.; Shirasaka T.; Silagadze K.; Sitanggang S.; Skugarevsky O.; Spikina A.; Mahalingappa S.S.; Stoyanova M.; Szczegielniak A.; Tamasan S.C.; Tavormina G.; Tavormina M.G.M.; Theodorakis P.N.; Tohen M.; Tsapakis E.M.; Tukhvatullina D.; Ullah I.; Vaidya R.; Vega-Dienstmaier J.M.; Vukovic O.; Vysotska O.; Widiasih N.; Yashikhina A.; Smirnova D.
author_sort Fountoulakis K.N.; Vrublevska J.; Abraham S.; Adorjan K.; Ahmed H.U.; Alarcón R.D.; Arai K.; Auwal S.S.; Berk M.; Bjedov S.; Bobes J.; Bobes-Bascaran T.; Bourgin-Duchesnay J.; Bredicean C.A.; Bukelskis L.; Burkadze A.; Abud I.I.C.; Castilla-Puentes R.; Cetkovich M.; Colon-Rivera H.; Corral R.; Cortez-Vergara C.; Crepin P.; De Berardis D.; Delgado S.Z.; De Lucena D.; De Sousa A.; Di Stefano R.; Dodd S.; Elek L.P.; Elissa A.; Erdelyi-Hamza B.; Erzin G.; Etchevers M.J.; Falkai P.; Farcas A.; Fedotov I.; Filatova V.; Fountoulakis N.K.; Frankova I.; Franza F.; Frias P.; Galako T.; Garay C.J.; Garcia-Álvarez L.; García-Portilla M.P.; Gonda X.; Gondek T.M.; González D.M.; Gould H.; Grandinetti P.; Grau A.; Groudeva V.; Hagin M.; Harada T.; Hasan T.M.; Hashim N.A.; Hilbig J.; Hossain S.; Iakimova R.; Ibrahim M.; Iftene F.; Ignatenko Y.; Irarrazaval M.; Ismail Z.; Ismayilova J.; Jacobs A.; Jakovljević M.; Jakšić N.; Javed A.; Kafali H.Y.; Karia S.; Kazakova O.; Khalifa D.; Khaustova O.; Koh S.; Kosenko K.; Koupidis S.A.; Lalljee A.; Liewig J.; Majid A.; Malashonkova E.; Malik K.; Malik N.I.; Mammadzada G.; Mandalia B.; Marazziti D.; Marčinko D.; Martinez S.; Matiekus E.; Mejia G.; Memon R.S.; Martínez X.E.M.; Mickevičiūtė D.; Milev R.; Mohammed M.; Molina-López A.; Morozov P.; Muhammad N.S.; Mustač F.; Naor M.S.; Nassieb A.; Navickas A.; Okasha T.; Pandova M.; Panfil A.-L.; Panteleeva L.; Papava I.; Patsali M.E.; Pavlichenko A.; Pejuskovic B.; Da Costa M.P.; Popkov M.; Popovic D.; Raduan N.J.N.; Ramírez F.V.; Rancans E.; Razali S.; Rebok F.; Rewekant A.; Flores E.N.R.; Rivera-Encinas M.T.; Saiz P.; de Carmona M.S.; Martínez D.S.; Saw J.A.; Saygili G.; Schneidereit P.; Shah B.; Shirasaka T.; Silagadze K.; Sitanggang S.; Skugarevsky O.; Spikina A.; Mahalingappa S.S.; Stoyanova M.; Szczegielniak A.; Tamasan S.C.; Tavormina G.; Tavormina M.G.M.; Theodorakis P.N.; Tohen M.; Tsapakis E.M.; Tukhvatullina D.; Ullah I.; Vaidya R.; Vega-Dienstmaier J.M.; Vukovic O.; Vysotska O.; Widiasih N.; Yashikhina A.; Smirnova D.
title Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
title_short Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
title_full Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
title_fullStr Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
title_full_unstemmed Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
title_sort Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study
publishDate 2024
container_title Journal of Affective Disorders
container_volume 352
container_issue
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.050
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186520393&doi=10.1016%2fj.jad.2024.02.050&partnerID=40&md5=48dcc80d3427c2e6e41fefb83b142b4b
description Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant mental health challenges, particularly for vulnerable populations, including non-binary gender individuals. The COMET international study aimed to investigate specific risk factors for clinical depression or distress during the pandemic, also in these special populations. Methods: Chi-square tests were used for initial screening to select only those variables which would show an initial significance. Risk Ratios (RR) were calculated, and a Multiple Backward Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis (MBSLRA) was followed with those variables given significant results at screening and with the presence of distress or depression or the lack of both of them. Results: The most important risk factors for depression were female (RR = 1.59–5.49) and non-binary gender (RR = 1.56–7.41), unemployment (RR = 1.41–6.57), not working during lockdowns (RR = 1.43–5.79), bad general health (RR = 2.74–9.98), chronic somatic disorder (RR = 1.22–5.57), history of mental disorders (depression RR = 2.31–9.47; suicide attempt RR = 2.33–9.75; psychosis RR = 2.14–10.08; Bipolar disorder RR = 2.75–12.86), smoking status (RR = 1.15–5.31) and substance use (RR = 1.77–8.01). The risk factors for distress or depression that survived MBSLRA were younger age, being widowed, living alone, bad general health, being a carer, chronic somatic disorder, not working during lockdowns, being single, self-reported history of depression, bipolar disorder, self-harm, suicide attempts and of other mental disorders, smoking, alcohol, and substance use. Conclusions: Targeted preventive interventions are crucial to safeguard the mental health of vulnerable groups, emphasizing the importance of diverse samples in future research. Limitations: Online data collection may have resulted in the underrepresentation of certain population groups. © 2024
publisher Elsevier B.V.
issn 1650327
language English
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