Physicochemical Characterization of Thermally Processed Goose Bone Ash for Bone Regeneration

• Published in: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
• Main Author: Abdul Rahman F.S.; Abdullah A.M.; Radhi A.; Shahidan W.N.S.; Abdullah J.Y.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2023
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85173558490&doi=10.3390%2fjfb14070351&partnerID=40&md5=47ab5253c0cf611697089ef88cda3af8

Goose bone is traditionally applied for many ailments including bone fractures. Goose bone that consists of calcium phosphate plays a major role in bone regeneration. In this study, the production of goose bone ash (GBA) was translated from a traditional process into one of a laboratory scale via thermal and mechanical methods. The GBA was thermally processed via calcination at 300 °C and 900 °C. The differences in physicochemical properties between studied GBA (SGBA) and commercial GBA (CGBA) were elucidated via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction X-Ray (EDX). The morphological properties of SGBA and CGBA were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) in which nano-sized particles were detected. The results showed that the SGBA of 300 °C had comparable physicochemical properties to those of CGBA. A high processing temperature was associated with decreasing organic compounds and increasing crystallinity. The finding from EDX suggests that sintering at 900 °C (SGBA 900) demonstrated the presence of hydroxyapatite in the mineralogical phase and had a Ca/P atomic ratio of 1.64 which is comparable to the ideal stoichiometric ratio of 1.67. Findings from this study could be used for the further exploration of GBA as a potential material for bone regeneration via the elucidation of their biological properties in the next experimental setting. © 2023 by the authors.