Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)

This paper aims to develop a measurement of spiritual poverty for an urban residents based on the spiritual concept and practice of purifying of the self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs). This follows the process of cleansing of the self, where the nature of bad practices are replaced with those of good practices...

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Published in:Social Indicators Research
Main Author: Rahman M.Z.A.; Abidin M.S.Z.; Adenan F.; Jusoff K.; Munsoor M.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media B.V. 2023
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168343617&doi=10.1007%2fs11205-023-03188-5&partnerID=40&md5=005eec87d640bf380c2d2833eb727ff4
id 2-s2.0-85168343617
spelling 2-s2.0-85168343617
Rahman M.Z.A.; Abidin M.S.Z.; Adenan F.; Jusoff K.; Munsoor M.S.
Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
2023
Social Indicators Research
169
3
10.1007/s11205-023-03188-5
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168343617&doi=10.1007%2fs11205-023-03188-5&partnerID=40&md5=005eec87d640bf380c2d2833eb727ff4
This paper aims to develop a measurement of spiritual poverty for an urban residents based on the spiritual concept and practice of purifying of the self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs). This follows the process of cleansing of the self, where the nature of bad practices are replaced with those of good practices. A quantitative approach was utilised by distributing questionnaires to 528 urban Muslim households in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Putrajaya, Malaysia, which was then analysed using descriptive analysis. This was, then, followed by the usability assessments by 14 experts from academia and industry, where the data was analysed using the ‘fuzzy delphi method'. Findings indicated that 27.84% of respondents experienced spiritual poverty relating to the emotional indicator, 17.42% experienced from a perceptual indicator, while 91.86% of respondents experienced poverty from a practices indicator perspective. The study points out that the elements of emotion, perception and practice as indicators holds significance in measuring spiritual poverty with a percentage expert consensus of 78.6% on emotion and perception indicators and 85.7% on practices indicator. The results gives credence to the expansion of the concept of multidimensional poverty, to include measuring psycho-spiritual deprivations as one component of poverty in addition to measuring both monetary and non-monetary factors as currently being advocated. This study calls for further exploration of this important area relating to self development, which has been overlooked in poverty measurements. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
3038300
English
Article

author Rahman M.Z.A.; Abidin M.S.Z.; Adenan F.; Jusoff K.; Munsoor M.S.
spellingShingle Rahman M.Z.A.; Abidin M.S.Z.; Adenan F.; Jusoff K.; Munsoor M.S.
Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
author_facet Rahman M.Z.A.; Abidin M.S.Z.; Adenan F.; Jusoff K.; Munsoor M.S.
author_sort Rahman M.Z.A.; Abidin M.S.Z.; Adenan F.; Jusoff K.; Munsoor M.S.
title Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
title_short Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
title_full Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
title_fullStr Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
title_full_unstemmed Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
title_sort Development of Spiritual Poverty Measurements of an Urban Population Based on the Concept of Purifying the Self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs)
publishDate 2023
container_title Social Indicators Research
container_volume 169
container_issue 3
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11205-023-03188-5
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168343617&doi=10.1007%2fs11205-023-03188-5&partnerID=40&md5=005eec87d640bf380c2d2833eb727ff4
description This paper aims to develop a measurement of spiritual poverty for an urban residents based on the spiritual concept and practice of purifying of the self (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs). This follows the process of cleansing of the self, where the nature of bad practices are replaced with those of good practices. A quantitative approach was utilised by distributing questionnaires to 528 urban Muslim households in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Putrajaya, Malaysia, which was then analysed using descriptive analysis. This was, then, followed by the usability assessments by 14 experts from academia and industry, where the data was analysed using the ‘fuzzy delphi method'. Findings indicated that 27.84% of respondents experienced spiritual poverty relating to the emotional indicator, 17.42% experienced from a perceptual indicator, while 91.86% of respondents experienced poverty from a practices indicator perspective. The study points out that the elements of emotion, perception and practice as indicators holds significance in measuring spiritual poverty with a percentage expert consensus of 78.6% on emotion and perception indicators and 85.7% on practices indicator. The results gives credence to the expansion of the concept of multidimensional poverty, to include measuring psycho-spiritual deprivations as one component of poverty in addition to measuring both monetary and non-monetary factors as currently being advocated. This study calls for further exploration of this important area relating to self development, which has been overlooked in poverty measurements. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
publisher Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
issn 3038300
language English
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