| Summary: | Accidental release of hydrocarbons can result in jet fires which have the potential to escalate accidental events to catastrophes. Jet fire can impinge on nearby equipment surface or a pasive firewall to make the fire plume temperature and the radiant heat flux complex. The present work experimentally investigated the flame characteristic of free horizontal jet fires and the impingement effect using propane as fuel, with different nozzle diameter, and exit velocity. To analyse the effect of flowrate to jet flame condition, the flow rates range between 30 and 600 g/min were employed with horizontal separation distance from the main source to target was at 0.8-m and 1.2-m. The results show that, the incremenet of flame features are faster for free release than impinging release. The presence of object downstream affect the flame profiles at some point. Thus, new correlations were proposed for the prediction of projected flame length and trajcetory length. © 2023 The Institution of Chemical Engineers
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