GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Despite the growing interest in the therapeutic potential of propolis, limited attention has been paid to the chemical composition and biological activity of water extract propolis produced by Malaysian stingless bees. Thus, this study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacteri...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Malaysian Applied Biology
Main Author: Zohdi R.M.; Adli M.A.; Mohsin H.F.; Mokhtar S.M.; Low A.L.M.; Junaidi A.H.A.; Jahrudin D.H.J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Malaysian Society of Applied Biology 2023
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164127258&doi=10.55230%2fmabjournal.v52i2.2657&partnerID=40&md5=fefce7e8cfdd464ac621fa15e4c61c9a
id 2-s2.0-85164127258
spelling 2-s2.0-85164127258
Zohdi R.M.; Adli M.A.; Mohsin H.F.; Mokhtar S.M.; Low A.L.M.; Junaidi A.H.A.; Jahrudin D.H.J.
GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
2023
Malaysian Applied Biology
52
2
10.55230/mabjournal.v52i2.2657
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164127258&doi=10.55230%2fmabjournal.v52i2.2657&partnerID=40&md5=fefce7e8cfdd464ac621fa15e4c61c9a
Despite the growing interest in the therapeutic potential of propolis, limited attention has been paid to the chemical composition and biological activity of water extract propolis produced by Malaysian stingless bees. Thus, this study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract propolis (EEP) and water extract propolis (WEP) of the stingless bee species, Heterotrigona itama against ten pathogenic bacteria. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was carried out using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) technique. The antibacterial activity was determined using the disc-diffusion, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. The GC-MS analysis of EEP exhibited four volatile compounds including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, 2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-coumaranone, and diethyl bis(trimethylsilyl) ester silicic acid. However, only two compounds were identified in WEP, consisting of 2-(acetoxymethyl)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)biphenylene, and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. EEP showed the highest antibacterial activity against all Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans) with values of the inhibition zones ranging from 7 to 10 mm. However, both extracts showed no antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, except WEP, which displayed an inhibition zone of 9.33 ± 1.53 mm against Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, EEP showed the lowest MIC and MBC values against M. luteus at 70 and 280 μg/mL, respectively. The results revealed the presence of several volatile compounds in the EEP of H. itama which could contribute to its antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. © 2023 Malaysian Society of Applied Biology.
Malaysian Society of Applied Biology
1268643
English
Article
All Open Access; Bronze Open Access
author Zohdi R.M.; Adli M.A.; Mohsin H.F.; Mokhtar S.M.; Low A.L.M.; Junaidi A.H.A.; Jahrudin D.H.J.
spellingShingle Zohdi R.M.; Adli M.A.; Mohsin H.F.; Mokhtar S.M.; Low A.L.M.; Junaidi A.H.A.; Jahrudin D.H.J.
GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
author_facet Zohdi R.M.; Adli M.A.; Mohsin H.F.; Mokhtar S.M.; Low A.L.M.; Junaidi A.H.A.; Jahrudin D.H.J.
author_sort Zohdi R.M.; Adli M.A.; Mohsin H.F.; Mokhtar S.M.; Low A.L.M.; Junaidi A.H.A.; Jahrudin D.H.J.
title GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
title_short GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
title_full GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
title_fullStr GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
title_full_unstemmed GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
title_sort GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Propolis Against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
publishDate 2023
container_title Malaysian Applied Biology
container_volume 52
container_issue 2
doi_str_mv 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i2.2657
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164127258&doi=10.55230%2fmabjournal.v52i2.2657&partnerID=40&md5=fefce7e8cfdd464ac621fa15e4c61c9a
description Despite the growing interest in the therapeutic potential of propolis, limited attention has been paid to the chemical composition and biological activity of water extract propolis produced by Malaysian stingless bees. Thus, this study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract propolis (EEP) and water extract propolis (WEP) of the stingless bee species, Heterotrigona itama against ten pathogenic bacteria. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was carried out using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) technique. The antibacterial activity was determined using the disc-diffusion, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. The GC-MS analysis of EEP exhibited four volatile compounds including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, 2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-coumaranone, and diethyl bis(trimethylsilyl) ester silicic acid. However, only two compounds were identified in WEP, consisting of 2-(acetoxymethyl)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)biphenylene, and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. EEP showed the highest antibacterial activity against all Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans) with values of the inhibition zones ranging from 7 to 10 mm. However, both extracts showed no antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, except WEP, which displayed an inhibition zone of 9.33 ± 1.53 mm against Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, EEP showed the lowest MIC and MBC values against M. luteus at 70 and 280 μg/mL, respectively. The results revealed the presence of several volatile compounds in the EEP of H. itama which could contribute to its antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. © 2023 Malaysian Society of Applied Biology.
publisher Malaysian Society of Applied Biology
issn 1268643
language English
format Article
accesstype All Open Access; Bronze Open Access
record_format scopus
collection Scopus
_version_ 1809677888030507008