Recent synthetic approaches towards thienothiophenes: a potential template for biologically active compounds

• Published in: Molecular Diversity
• Main Author: Rafiq A.; Aslam S.; Ahmad M.; Nazir M.S.; Farooq A.; Sultan S.
• Format: Review
• Language: English
• Published: Springer Nature 2024
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153501593&doi=10.1007%2fs11030-023-10647-1&partnerID=40&md5=d6ce5520c69063cc04a3065938c6ffec

Heterocyclic compounds are attractive candidates because of their vast applications in natural and physical sciences. Thienothiophene (TT) is an annulated ring of two thiophene rings with a stable and electron-rich structure. Thienothiophenes (TTs) fully represent the planar system, which can drastically alter or improve the fundamental properties of organic, π-conjugated materials when included into a molecular architecture. These molecules possessed many applications including, pharmaceutical as well as optoelectronic properties. Different isomeric forms of thienothiophene showed various applications such as antiviral, antitumor, antiglaucoma, antimicrobial, and as semiconductors, solar cells, organic field effect transistors, electroluminiscents etc. A number of methodologies were adopted to synthesize thienothiophene derivatives. In this review, we have addressed different synthetic strategies of various isomeric forms of thienothiophene that have been reported during last seven years, i.e., 2016–2022. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.