Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology

The transesterification of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalysts has recently caught interest because of its potential to overcome the limitations of homogeneous catalysts. Amongst the heterogeneous catalysts, CaO is well known for its superiority in the transesterification process due to its effe...

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Published in:Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology
Main Author: Hadi A.; Mohamad N.F.; Mahidin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit Akademia Baru 2023
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150394727&doi=10.37934%2faraset.29.3.260271&partnerID=40&md5=85d05c5de522ecfc6a11b27c0c33b8b5
id 2-s2.0-85150394727
spelling 2-s2.0-85150394727
Hadi A.; Mohamad N.F.; Mahidin
Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
2023
Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology
29
3
10.37934/araset.29.3.260271
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150394727&doi=10.37934%2faraset.29.3.260271&partnerID=40&md5=85d05c5de522ecfc6a11b27c0c33b8b5
The transesterification of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalysts has recently caught interest because of its potential to overcome the limitations of homogeneous catalysts. Amongst the heterogeneous catalysts, CaO is well known for its superiority in the transesterification process due to its effectiveness, low cost, and low solubility in methanol. The paper covers the analysis of the transesterification process variables to identify the optimum condition of the process. The effect of process variables, which are catalyst concentration, methanol to oil molar ratio, and reaction temperature, and the interaction between variables on the yield of biodiesel from the esterification of palm oil using CaO catalyst was studied. Response Surface Methodology based on a three-variable central composite design was executed to optimize the process variables. It was found that the concentration of the catalysts is the primary variable affecting the reaction, the molar ratio of methanol to oil is the secondary and the temperature is the ternary. While the interaction between the two variables is not significant in the production of the biodiesel yield. The optimum yield of biodiesel of 98.56% was obtained at a catalyst concentration of 9.63 wt%, methanol to oil ratio of 15.30:1, and reaction temperature of 64.40 °C. © 2023, Penerbit Akademia Baru. All rights reserved.
Penerbit Akademia Baru
24621943
English
Article
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
author Hadi A.; Mohamad N.F.; Mahidin
spellingShingle Hadi A.; Mohamad N.F.; Mahidin
Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
author_facet Hadi A.; Mohamad N.F.; Mahidin
author_sort Hadi A.; Mohamad N.F.; Mahidin
title Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
title_short Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
title_full Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
title_fullStr Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
title_full_unstemmed Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
title_sort Parameters Optimization of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production at Various CaO Concentrations Using Response Surface Methodology
publishDate 2023
container_title Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology
container_volume 29
container_issue 3
doi_str_mv 10.37934/araset.29.3.260271
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150394727&doi=10.37934%2faraset.29.3.260271&partnerID=40&md5=85d05c5de522ecfc6a11b27c0c33b8b5
description The transesterification of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalysts has recently caught interest because of its potential to overcome the limitations of homogeneous catalysts. Amongst the heterogeneous catalysts, CaO is well known for its superiority in the transesterification process due to its effectiveness, low cost, and low solubility in methanol. The paper covers the analysis of the transesterification process variables to identify the optimum condition of the process. The effect of process variables, which are catalyst concentration, methanol to oil molar ratio, and reaction temperature, and the interaction between variables on the yield of biodiesel from the esterification of palm oil using CaO catalyst was studied. Response Surface Methodology based on a three-variable central composite design was executed to optimize the process variables. It was found that the concentration of the catalysts is the primary variable affecting the reaction, the molar ratio of methanol to oil is the secondary and the temperature is the ternary. While the interaction between the two variables is not significant in the production of the biodiesel yield. The optimum yield of biodiesel of 98.56% was obtained at a catalyst concentration of 9.63 wt%, methanol to oil ratio of 15.30:1, and reaction temperature of 64.40 °C. © 2023, Penerbit Akademia Baru. All rights reserved.
publisher Penerbit Akademia Baru
issn 24621943
language English
format Article
accesstype All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
record_format scopus
collection Scopus
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