Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition by Azadirachta Indica Crude Extract on Pomacea Canaliculata

• Published in: AIP Conference Proceedings
• Main Author: Zulkipli N.F.; Hashim S.N.; Rodzali N.N.; Abdullah S.N.A.I.; Muhammad N.A.; Chia-Chay T.; Hassan W.R.M.
• Format: Conference paper
• Language: English
• Published: American Institute of Physics Inc. 2023
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148715350&doi=10.1063%2f5.0115288&partnerID=40&md5=b3b55df2ac94ae68ee38444411878a7c

Azadirachta indica, known as neem, is a medicinal plant used for thousands of years due to its healing properties. Neem-derived extracts have shown to play a role as antimicrobial and insecticide agents. A primary constituent of neem, azadirachtin is a complex tetranortriterpenoid limonoid present in seeds, which is accountable for the toxic effects in insects. In this study, the neem leaves crude extract effects towards a severe pest of paddy field, the golden apple snail (GAS) was explored. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of neem crude extract on the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) in male and female GAS. GAS size of 5-7 cm was collected from sampling area and the gender was identified. The enzyme GAS's AChE extract was prepared and optimization of parameters were done. Then the concentration of protein and enzyme activity from the GAS's AChE extract was determined. The result shows that females had slightly higher protein concentration than the male with 0.86 and 0.84 g/L, respectively. Similar finding with the enzyme activity, females GAS shows higher results than male. From the curve of residual activity, the value of IC50 was calculated and found that to inhibit the enzyme activity at 50% for male GAS is at 4.28 mg/ml, which is less concentrated than to inhibit the female GAS enzyme (10.08 mg/ml). This is proven that neem crude extract had a toxic effect by inhibiting AChE in male and female GAS. The research has provided some information on the potential and toxicity of neem trees against GAS that can be applied in pest management control at the paddy field. It gives an idea for developing locally produced, cheaper, and safer biopesticide formulation by targeting female GAS, which can tremendously reduce the pest population. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.