| Summary: | Wet chemical synthesis has received much attention to develop a wide array of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) due to its low production cost, simplicity, and ability to produce ultrafine products. In recent years, room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) as a superior solvent, have managed to produce excellent properties of MONPs that are gaining attention due to excellent physical properties such as small particle size, high surface area, and high porosity. To date, the abundance of available data on MONPs can now be used by researchers to establish suitable methods for producing high-performance materials particularly to suit specific applications. However, there is very limited information on the synthesis mechanisms and common characterization methods used in the preparation of MONPs using RTILs. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review on the MONPs synthesis methods using RTILs via sol gel, hydrothermal, microwave assisted, ultrasonic assisted, and precipitation method alongside the characterization by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. In this article, various fabrication methods to synthesize MONPs with different morphologies and sizes are reviewed. Also, a step-by-step approach on the mechanisms to improve MONPs properties and impacts of RTILs on the formation of MONPs is highlighted. Finally, the potential of MONPs as antibacterial and catalyst are discussed. © 2022, Malaysian Society of Analytical Sciences. All rights reserved.
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