| Summary: | Industrial waste is recognized as a massive source of water contamination that harms human health and effects the whole ecological system. Especially, the water polluted by heavy metals (Ni2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ Ag1+, Cd2+, Pb2+, etc.) has harmful effect on environment and is also the potential threat for human health. Thus, there is an immense need for recycling the industrial wastewater before discharging them to water bodies. Currently, variety of the waste water recycling methods are employed, namely ion exchange, coagulation-flocculation chemical precipitation, ammonia desulfurization, flotation, membrane filtration, etc., but these methods have the drawbacks of low recovery rate, complicated preparation process, etc. To overcome these drawbacks, adsorption method is used for removal of contaminant (heavy metals) from industrial wastewater because of its efficiency, easy applicability, and low-price. Hydrogel, as an efficient adsorbent, is a good contender to treat industrial wastewater containing heavy metals. Hydrogels are soft matter comprising the three-dimensional network structure formed via cross-linking of polymeric chain, which holds large amount of fluid (water) in its inner core. This review emphasis on synthesis, adsorption mechanism, and adsorption capacity of various hydrogel containing natural and synthetic polymers which are employed to eliminate heavy metal particles from waste industrial water. The facile, cost-effective, eco-friendly, biocompatible, and biodegradable hydrogel may provide sustainable solution for heavy metal removal from industrial wastewater. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
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