| Summary: | Aerobic exercise has shown its own benefits. Aside from the benefits, exercise intensity plays a major role in determining the outcome of an exercise intervention. Currently, moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) are a well-known method of aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise intensity may produce different acute and chronic effects in reduction of blood pressure and blood glucose among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. We measured blood pressure using automatic blood pressure monitor HEM-7322 (Omron), blood glucose monitoring (Accu-Chek) and baseline Peak VO₂ using modified Balke protocol on stationary cycle ergometer. During exercise intervention, pre and post blood pressure and blood glucose was measured in each exercise session three times a week. Total exercise volume for each participant in both groups are fixed and the training program for both groups will be properly designed to yield the same energy expenditure for 7 weeks. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) was conducted for 30 minutes per session every stage consisting of 3 minutes’ aerobic exercises and 1-minute active rest. Work intensity will be above 85% heart rate reserve (HRR) thus rest intensity will be < 30-40% HRR and the training volume will be around 250kCal. Next, Moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) was conducted for 50 minutes 40<60% HRR and the training volume will be 250kCal. A paired-sample t-test was conducted to evaluate the acute effect for every session of exercise on SBP, DBP and BG. There was a statistically significant difference on acute effect on SBP at week 6 and 7 with p = 0.13 and 0.34 for HIIT groups and at week 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 with p = 0.001, 0.002, 0.015, 0.10 and 0.23 for MICT groups. However, no significant difference between two groups (HIIT and MICT) has an acute effect on changes of reduction on SBP, DBP and BG, p >.05. A mixed between-within ANOVA was conducted to compare the effect of two different exercise intensities (HIIT and MICT) on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and blood glucose (BG) among T2DM patients. There was also no significant difference in chronic effect on SBP, DBP and BG from baseline or first weeks of exercise, week four and at week seven p > 0.05 (two-tailed) between both groups of exercise intensities by using paired sample tests. In conclusion, different aerobic exercise intensity may have different acute effects on blood pressure and blood glucose among T2DM patients. Our findings suggest that both groups are giving similar responses compared to each other relatively due to shorter periods of training. © JPES.
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