Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the implementation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), especially in the educational system, in which online learning can also be used as online training among school students. Interestingly, prior studies have highlighted trainers’ role as the most impor...

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Published in:Sustainability (Switzerland)
Main Author: Aziz S.F.A.; Hussein N.; Husin N.A.; Ibrahim M.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI 2022
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137928354&doi=10.3390%2fsu141711047&partnerID=40&md5=94edcc05022e954a11cf9e4fa7d650ab
id 2-s2.0-85137928354
spelling 2-s2.0-85137928354
Aziz S.F.A.; Hussein N.; Husin N.A.; Ibrahim M.A.
Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
2022
Sustainability (Switzerland)
14
17
10.3390/su141711047
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137928354&doi=10.3390%2fsu141711047&partnerID=40&md5=94edcc05022e954a11cf9e4fa7d650ab
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the implementation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), especially in the educational system, in which online learning can also be used as online training among school students. Interestingly, prior studies have highlighted trainers’ role as the most important factor affecting online training. However, prior studies that reported the effectiveness of online training among school students and the right trainers’ characteristics to sustain its effectiveness have been very limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine online training effectiveness among 150 students in a Malaysian high school using pre-experimental research. Trainers’ characteristics perceived by participants were also determined and compared between classroom and online training. Findings indicated that online training was significantly effective regardless of gender and race differences; trainers’ characteristics explained 40.5% of variance in online training effectiveness. However, the school students preferred classroom training compared to online training; trainers’ characteristics were better in classroom training. Hence, it can be concluded that online training among school students can be effective; however, the characteristics of trainers can be improved to sustain the effectiveness of online training. These results have implications for the sustainability of effective 4IR in the educational system for the post-pandemic era. © 2022 by the authors.
MDPI
20711050
English
Article
All Open Access; Gold Open Access
author Aziz S.F.A.; Hussein N.; Husin N.A.; Ibrahim M.A.
spellingShingle Aziz S.F.A.; Hussein N.; Husin N.A.; Ibrahim M.A.
Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
author_facet Aziz S.F.A.; Hussein N.; Husin N.A.; Ibrahim M.A.
author_sort Aziz S.F.A.; Hussein N.; Husin N.A.; Ibrahim M.A.
title Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
title_short Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
title_full Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
title_fullStr Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
title_full_unstemmed Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
title_sort Trainers’ Characteristics Affecting Online Training Effectiveness: A Pre-Experiment among Students in a Malaysian Secondary School
publishDate 2022
container_title Sustainability (Switzerland)
container_volume 14
container_issue 17
doi_str_mv 10.3390/su141711047
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137928354&doi=10.3390%2fsu141711047&partnerID=40&md5=94edcc05022e954a11cf9e4fa7d650ab
description The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the implementation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), especially in the educational system, in which online learning can also be used as online training among school students. Interestingly, prior studies have highlighted trainers’ role as the most important factor affecting online training. However, prior studies that reported the effectiveness of online training among school students and the right trainers’ characteristics to sustain its effectiveness have been very limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine online training effectiveness among 150 students in a Malaysian high school using pre-experimental research. Trainers’ characteristics perceived by participants were also determined and compared between classroom and online training. Findings indicated that online training was significantly effective regardless of gender and race differences; trainers’ characteristics explained 40.5% of variance in online training effectiveness. However, the school students preferred classroom training compared to online training; trainers’ characteristics were better in classroom training. Hence, it can be concluded that online training among school students can be effective; however, the characteristics of trainers can be improved to sustain the effectiveness of online training. These results have implications for the sustainability of effective 4IR in the educational system for the post-pandemic era. © 2022 by the authors.
publisher MDPI
issn 20711050
language English
format Article
accesstype All Open Access; Gold Open Access
record_format scopus
collection Scopus
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