Evaluation of the Performance of Spline Interpolation Method in Mapping and Estimating the Total Suspended Solids over the Coastal Water of Pulau Tuba, Kedah

• Published in: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
• Main Author: Kamaruddin S.A.; Hashim A.R.; Zainol Z.E.; Ahmad A.; Abd.aziz K.A.; Roslani M.A.; Shuhaime N.; Tajam J.; Hamid H.A.; Mat Nazir E.N.
• Format: Conference paper
• Language: English
• Published: Institute of Physics 2022
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135455498&doi=10.1088%2f1755-1315%2f1051%2f1%2f012018&partnerID=40&md5=681328b6972315d8460c7ad0539dac0b
• ISSN: 17551307
• DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1051/1/012018

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the spline interpolation method in predicting and mapping the concentration of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the surface water of Pulau Tuba, Kedah. Thirty sampling points were set up and geolocated using the Geographic Positioning System (GPS). Gravimetric analyses were used to determine the TSS level. Fifty percent of the total sampling points were randomly chosen for developing spatial models using regularised and tension spline methods. The research found that the tension spline methods outperform the regularised spline method. The Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Error Percentage (MAPE) were reported at 351.641, 18.752, 15.81, and 21.51%, respectively. This study's findings are critical in the domains of spatial statistics and interpolation for creating a precise map of water properties. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.