| Summary: | In this study, the effect of replacing the river sand with industrial waste and cellulosic waste is investigated. The cellulosic waste selected for this study is kenaf core, while the industrial waste use in this study is quarry dust. The mortar formulation is adjusted with a different percentage of kenaf core. While the quarry dust is fixed at 75% replacement level. The water-cement ratio set for the formulation varies based on the cement-sand ratio. The physical properties are measured through compressive strength, density, water absorption, and porosity at 28 days. The result shows that the maximum percentages of kenaf core to be used in brick was made by using 25% of kenaf core for a cement-sand ratio of 1:6. The strength achieved at 28 days is 8.46 N/mm2, while the density is 1782 kg/m3 at 28 days. However, the optimal percentage of kenaf core which can be used for a cement-sand ratio of 1:8 was 15%. The strength achieved at 28 days is 7.1 N/mm2 with a density of 1797 kg/m3. It is observed that the bricks have sufficient strength which also has met the minimum requirement of non-load bearing strength in accordance with the Public Works Department, where the minimum requirement is 5.2 N/mm2. The water absorption also below 21% as commonly used. All results show that kenaf core has the potential to be used as lightweight fine aggregate. But it needs to be combined with other materials which contribute to the strength. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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