Formulations After Features Extraction of Veltink to Second-Order Critical Damped Black Box Model for Observer Formation Representing Knee Extension

Real-world function electrical stimulation (FES) encounters nonlinear effects of fatigue and time delay that cause the FES controller to underperform and sometimes fail. Nonlinearities degrade the muscle performance and change the system, but the FES controller cannot be re-tuned once its parameters...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced Structured Materials
Main Author: Arof S.; Noor N.M.; Noorsal E.; Zaimy S.; Hussein Z.; Arof H.
Format: Book chapter
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH 2022
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85126258829&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-93250-3_14&partnerID=40&md5=7cc040fcc6d9484f74f983fbd493a37c