Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia

Malaysia reported its first COVID-19 case on January 25, 2020, and the cases have continued to grow, necessitating the implementation of additional measures. Hence, determining the factors responsible for the significant increase in COVID-19 cases is the top priority issue for the government to take...

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Published in:Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
Main Author: Abdullah S.; Imran M.A.; Mansor A.A.; Yusof K.M.K.K.; Dom N.C.; Saijan S.K.; Yatim S.R.M.; Ahmed A.N.; Ismail M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2022
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125426558&doi=10.5572%2fajae.2021.094&partnerID=40&md5=f06f8ff4c15e6ea27083c17d0459b47a
id 2-s2.0-85125426558
spelling 2-s2.0-85125426558
Abdullah S.; Imran M.A.; Mansor A.A.; Yusof K.M.K.K.; Dom N.C.; Saijan S.K.; Yatim S.R.M.; Ahmed A.N.; Ismail M.
Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
2022
Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
16
1
10.5572/ajae.2021.094
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125426558&doi=10.5572%2fajae.2021.094&partnerID=40&md5=f06f8ff4c15e6ea27083c17d0459b47a
Malaysia reported its first COVID-19 case on January 25, 2020, and the cases have continued to grow, necessitating the implementation of additional measures. Hence, determining the factors responsible for the significant increase in COVID-19 cases is the top priority issue for the government to take necessary action and ultimately restrain this virus before the vaccine availability. Researchers had predicted that air pollution had an indirect relationship with COVID-19 in terms of virus infections. As a result, this study focuses on the link between the Air Pollutant Index (API) and COVID-19 infections. The initial data set consists of daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Malaysia and API readings obtained from the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Department of the Environment (DOE). The results show that Klang (S22) recorded the highest mean of API which at 62.70 while the lowest is at Limbang (S37) (25.37). Next, due to the implementation of Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia and reducing social movement, 27 stations recorded a good level of API compare to the stations that recorded moderate and unhealthy levels. There is positive relationship between API and COVID-19 at each of the region which are North 0.4% (R2=0.004), Central 2.1% (R2=0.021), South 0.04% (R2=0.0004), East 1.6% (R2=0.016), Sarawak 0.2% (R2=0.002), meanwhile Sabah recorded negative correlation at 4.3% (R2=0.043). To conclude, the API value did not have a strong relationship with the rising number of COVID-19 daily cases © 2022 by Asian Association for Atmospheric Environment
Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
19766912
English
Article
All Open Access; Gold Open Access
author Abdullah S.; Imran M.A.; Mansor A.A.; Yusof K.M.K.K.; Dom N.C.; Saijan S.K.; Yatim S.R.M.; Ahmed A.N.; Ismail M.
spellingShingle Abdullah S.; Imran M.A.; Mansor A.A.; Yusof K.M.K.K.; Dom N.C.; Saijan S.K.; Yatim S.R.M.; Ahmed A.N.; Ismail M.
Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
author_facet Abdullah S.; Imran M.A.; Mansor A.A.; Yusof K.M.K.K.; Dom N.C.; Saijan S.K.; Yatim S.R.M.; Ahmed A.N.; Ismail M.
author_sort Abdullah S.; Imran M.A.; Mansor A.A.; Yusof K.M.K.K.; Dom N.C.; Saijan S.K.; Yatim S.R.M.; Ahmed A.N.; Ismail M.
title Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
title_short Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
title_full Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
title_fullStr Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
title_sort Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia
publishDate 2022
container_title Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
container_volume 16
container_issue 1
doi_str_mv 10.5572/ajae.2021.094
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125426558&doi=10.5572%2fajae.2021.094&partnerID=40&md5=f06f8ff4c15e6ea27083c17d0459b47a
description Malaysia reported its first COVID-19 case on January 25, 2020, and the cases have continued to grow, necessitating the implementation of additional measures. Hence, determining the factors responsible for the significant increase in COVID-19 cases is the top priority issue for the government to take necessary action and ultimately restrain this virus before the vaccine availability. Researchers had predicted that air pollution had an indirect relationship with COVID-19 in terms of virus infections. As a result, this study focuses on the link between the Air Pollutant Index (API) and COVID-19 infections. The initial data set consists of daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Malaysia and API readings obtained from the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Department of the Environment (DOE). The results show that Klang (S22) recorded the highest mean of API which at 62.70 while the lowest is at Limbang (S37) (25.37). Next, due to the implementation of Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia and reducing social movement, 27 stations recorded a good level of API compare to the stations that recorded moderate and unhealthy levels. There is positive relationship between API and COVID-19 at each of the region which are North 0.4% (R2=0.004), Central 2.1% (R2=0.021), South 0.04% (R2=0.0004), East 1.6% (R2=0.016), Sarawak 0.2% (R2=0.002), meanwhile Sabah recorded negative correlation at 4.3% (R2=0.043). To conclude, the API value did not have a strong relationship with the rising number of COVID-19 daily cases © 2022 by Asian Association for Atmospheric Environment
publisher Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
issn 19766912
language English
format Article
accesstype All Open Access; Gold Open Access
record_format scopus
collection Scopus
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