| Summary: | Agriculture waste has been used for the cultivation of commercial mushroom from historical years. Yet some limitations in producing efficient yield of the harvest especially for Volvariella volvacea cultivation remain unresolved. With different types of substrate used in the commercial farming of this mushroom, the biological efficiency of the mushroom is considered low compared to other species such as Lentinus sp., Pleurotus sp. and Agaricus sp. Thus, over the years, many attempts have been conducted to improve its biological efficiency using different approaches. In this brief review, major factors that limit the conversion of substrate to fruiting bodies will be discussed, while the current state-of-art for the cultivation practise for Volvariella volvacea will also be layout. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
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