| Summary: | In this study, measurement of effective penetration (EP), average penetration (AP) and maximum penetration (MP) of phenol-formaldehyde adhesive into Male bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus) at various moisture content condition and evaluation of the effect of direction and section of the bamboo culm were carried out. The experiment was carried out at moisture content range between 4 and 12%, at the tangential and radial direction and nodes and internodes. The mean effective (7.9–20.6 µm), mean average (62.12–93.26 µm) and mean maximum penetration (80.41–122.51 µm) of phenol-formaldehyde was not significantly different when compared at a various level of moisture content and different direction of Male bamboo. Nevertheless, there is a significant different of adhesive effective penetration at a different section of Male bamboo. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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