Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism

The incidence of post-menopausal osteoporosis is increasing globally. In post-menopausal osteoporosis, there is deficiency in oestrogen level resulting in bone loss and fractures. Bone formation is under the control of different hormones. In the present review, we highlight few pathways such as RANK...

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Published in:Sains Malaysiana
Main Author: Thent Z.C.; Das S.; Mahakkanukrauh P.; Lanzotti V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2019
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075442555&doi=10.17576%2fjsm-2019-4809-22&partnerID=40&md5=0027b64d7861b1a1d368b15ed39bce9a
id 2-s2.0-85075442555
spelling 2-s2.0-85075442555
Thent Z.C.; Das S.; Mahakkanukrauh P.; Lanzotti V.
Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
2019
Sains Malaysiana
48
9
10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-22
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075442555&doi=10.17576%2fjsm-2019-4809-22&partnerID=40&md5=0027b64d7861b1a1d368b15ed39bce9a
The incidence of post-menopausal osteoporosis is increasing globally. In post-menopausal osteoporosis, there is deficiency in oestrogen level resulting in bone loss and fractures. Bone formation is under the control of different hormones. In the present review, we highlight few pathways such as RANKL/RANK, apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways and phytoestrogens involved in the bone metabolism. RANKL/RANK signalling is responsible for regulating the formation and activation of multinucleated osteoclasts from their precursors which is responsible for the survival of normal bone remodelling. Apoptosis regulates the development, growth and maintains the bone tissues. The Wnt pathway is an important pharmacological target for bone anabolic drugs and its future discovery. In today's world, herbal remedies are used to treat post-menopausal osteoporosis as these products contain phytoestrogens. These phytoestrogens are oestrogen like compounds which influence bone metabolism. The phytoestrogens provide better therapeutic effect in reducing the RANKL, osteoclastogenesis, inflammatory markers, and increase the osteogenic markers in the bone cells or osteoblasts. We discuss the mechanism of action of few phytoestrogens such as genistein, daidzein and equol which are beneficial for improvement of the bone health. Daidzein enhances osteoblast growth via the upregulation of BMP expression in primary osteoblast cells and it is a potential antiosteoporotic agent. Genistein also possesses antioestrogenic property by virtue of its competitive binding to the same receptors as oestradiol. Equol regulates the bone loss via hemopoiesis and inflammatory cytokine production. Thus, phytoestrogens could be efficiently used as osteoprotective agents for the treatment of individuals with post-menopausal osteoporosis. © 2019 Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. All rights reserved.
Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
1266039
English
Article
All Open Access; Gold Open Access
author Thent Z.C.; Das S.; Mahakkanukrauh P.; Lanzotti V.
spellingShingle Thent Z.C.; Das S.; Mahakkanukrauh P.; Lanzotti V.
Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
author_facet Thent Z.C.; Das S.; Mahakkanukrauh P.; Lanzotti V.
author_sort Thent Z.C.; Das S.; Mahakkanukrauh P.; Lanzotti V.
title Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
title_short Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
title_full Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
title_fullStr Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
title_sort Osteoporosis: Possible pathways involved and the role of natural phytoestrogens in bone metabolism
publishDate 2019
container_title Sains Malaysiana
container_volume 48
container_issue 9
doi_str_mv 10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-22
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075442555&doi=10.17576%2fjsm-2019-4809-22&partnerID=40&md5=0027b64d7861b1a1d368b15ed39bce9a
description The incidence of post-menopausal osteoporosis is increasing globally. In post-menopausal osteoporosis, there is deficiency in oestrogen level resulting in bone loss and fractures. Bone formation is under the control of different hormones. In the present review, we highlight few pathways such as RANKL/RANK, apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways and phytoestrogens involved in the bone metabolism. RANKL/RANK signalling is responsible for regulating the formation and activation of multinucleated osteoclasts from their precursors which is responsible for the survival of normal bone remodelling. Apoptosis regulates the development, growth and maintains the bone tissues. The Wnt pathway is an important pharmacological target for bone anabolic drugs and its future discovery. In today's world, herbal remedies are used to treat post-menopausal osteoporosis as these products contain phytoestrogens. These phytoestrogens are oestrogen like compounds which influence bone metabolism. The phytoestrogens provide better therapeutic effect in reducing the RANKL, osteoclastogenesis, inflammatory markers, and increase the osteogenic markers in the bone cells or osteoblasts. We discuss the mechanism of action of few phytoestrogens such as genistein, daidzein and equol which are beneficial for improvement of the bone health. Daidzein enhances osteoblast growth via the upregulation of BMP expression in primary osteoblast cells and it is a potential antiosteoporotic agent. Genistein also possesses antioestrogenic property by virtue of its competitive binding to the same receptors as oestradiol. Equol regulates the bone loss via hemopoiesis and inflammatory cytokine production. Thus, phytoestrogens could be efficiently used as osteoprotective agents for the treatment of individuals with post-menopausal osteoporosis. © 2019 Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. All rights reserved.
publisher Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
issn 1266039
language English
format Article
accesstype All Open Access; Gold Open Access
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