Severe hyperthermia induces apoptosis mediated by caspases activation and suppression of Hsp90α expression in osteosarcoma cells

• Published in: Indonesian Biomedical Journal
• Main Author: Nashiry M.A.; Froemming G.R.A.; Keong Y.S.; Ismail A.B.M.; Din A.M.; Al-Khateeb A.M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Prodia Education and Research Institute 2019
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85070760202&doi=10.18585%2finabj.v11i2.594&partnerID=40&md5=2dd421b32c1555574d1cf7d8650305d7

BACKGROUND: Hyperthermia is used as an adjuvant treatment to sensitize cancer cells to subsequent radiotheraphy or chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to study the effect of severe hyperthermia on osteosarcoma cells and its underlying causes. METHODS: Short-term (1 h) severe hyperthermia (45°C) was applied to osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and the heat shock response and cell death mechanisms were investigated after recovery at 37°C for 72 h. RESULTS: Cell viability was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) and apoptosis was significantly induced by severe hyperthermia in MG-63 cells (p < 0.001). Caspase 3/7, 4 and 12 activities were significantly increased after 72 h of recovery at 37°C, indicating that severe hyperthermia induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis (p < 0.05). Heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α) was significantly down regulated at the protein level after recovery, in association with apoptosis induction (p < 0.01). Additionally, caspase 8 and 9 were activated, possibly as a result of ER stress or other stimuli while, B-cell leukemia 2 family protein (BCL-2) mRNA was down regulated (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Severe hyperthermia could cause prolonged cell cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis in association with inhibition of Hsp90α. This indicates the therapeutic potential of severe hyperthermia for the treatment of osteosarcoma. © 2019 Prodia Education and Research Institute.