Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study

BACKGROUND: Eurycoma longifolia (EL) is a well-known aphrodisiac herb for men. Recently, the crude extract of EL was reported to possess anti-osteoporotic activities. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the bone protective effects of the standardized quassinoid-rich EL extract in testosterone-de...

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Published in:Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology
Main Author: Jayusman P.A.; Mohamed I.N.; Alias E.; Dom S.M.; Shuid A.N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOS Press 2018
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051987438&doi=10.3233%2fXST-17366&partnerID=40&md5=87c1dbdb966012b95f5d3fe6f7bdb59b
id 2-s2.0-85051987438
spelling 2-s2.0-85051987438
Jayusman P.A.; Mohamed I.N.; Alias E.; Dom S.M.; Shuid A.N.
Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
2018
Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology
26
4
10.3233/XST-17366
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051987438&doi=10.3233%2fXST-17366&partnerID=40&md5=87c1dbdb966012b95f5d3fe6f7bdb59b
BACKGROUND: Eurycoma longifolia (EL) is a well-known aphrodisiac herb for men. Recently, the crude extract of EL was reported to possess anti-osteoporotic activities. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the bone protective effects of the standardized quassinoid-rich EL extract in testosterone-deficient rat model. METHODS: Ninety-six intact male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into baseline, sham, orchidectomized, and chemically castrated groups. Chemical castration was performed via subcutaneous injection of degarelix at 2 mg/kg. The orchidectomized and degarelix-induced rats were administered with vehicle, intramuscularly injected with testosterone once a week, or orally supplemented with EL extract at doses of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg daily for 10 weeks. Bone mass, microarchitecture and strength were analyzed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), micro-CT and three-point bending test. RESULTS: Whole body bone mineral density and femoral bone mineral content significantly increased in testosterone groups (p < 0.05). Micro-CT analysis revealed that trabecular bone volume, number, separation and connectivity density were significantly improved by testosterone administration. However, the structural model index was only improved in degarelix group supplemented with 100 mg/kg EL extract (P < 0.05). The improvement of cortical thickness by EL extract was similar to that of testosterone groups (p < 0.05). Biomechanically, EL extract supplementation was able to improve stiffness, strain and modulus of elasticity in degarelix-induced groups, while stress parameter was significantly improved in orchidectomized groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Quassinoid-richELextract enables to protect against bone loss due to testosterone deficiency. The protective effect on cortical thickness and biomechanical parameters is comparable to testosterone group. © 2018 - IOS Press and the authors.
IOS Press
8953996
English
Article

author Jayusman P.A.; Mohamed I.N.; Alias E.; Dom S.M.; Shuid A.N.
spellingShingle Jayusman P.A.; Mohamed I.N.; Alias E.; Dom S.M.; Shuid A.N.
Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
author_facet Jayusman P.A.; Mohamed I.N.; Alias E.; Dom S.M.; Shuid A.N.
author_sort Jayusman P.A.; Mohamed I.N.; Alias E.; Dom S.M.; Shuid A.N.
title Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
title_short Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
title_full Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
title_fullStr Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
title_full_unstemmed Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
title_sort Effects of standardized quassinoid-rich Eurycoma longifolia extract in a rat model of osteoporosis due to testosterone deficiency: A densitometric, morphometric and biomechanical study
publishDate 2018
container_title Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology
container_volume 26
container_issue 4
doi_str_mv 10.3233/XST-17366
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051987438&doi=10.3233%2fXST-17366&partnerID=40&md5=87c1dbdb966012b95f5d3fe6f7bdb59b
description BACKGROUND: Eurycoma longifolia (EL) is a well-known aphrodisiac herb for men. Recently, the crude extract of EL was reported to possess anti-osteoporotic activities. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the bone protective effects of the standardized quassinoid-rich EL extract in testosterone-deficient rat model. METHODS: Ninety-six intact male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into baseline, sham, orchidectomized, and chemically castrated groups. Chemical castration was performed via subcutaneous injection of degarelix at 2 mg/kg. The orchidectomized and degarelix-induced rats were administered with vehicle, intramuscularly injected with testosterone once a week, or orally supplemented with EL extract at doses of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg daily for 10 weeks. Bone mass, microarchitecture and strength were analyzed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), micro-CT and three-point bending test. RESULTS: Whole body bone mineral density and femoral bone mineral content significantly increased in testosterone groups (p < 0.05). Micro-CT analysis revealed that trabecular bone volume, number, separation and connectivity density were significantly improved by testosterone administration. However, the structural model index was only improved in degarelix group supplemented with 100 mg/kg EL extract (P < 0.05). The improvement of cortical thickness by EL extract was similar to that of testosterone groups (p < 0.05). Biomechanically, EL extract supplementation was able to improve stiffness, strain and modulus of elasticity in degarelix-induced groups, while stress parameter was significantly improved in orchidectomized groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Quassinoid-richELextract enables to protect against bone loss due to testosterone deficiency. The protective effect on cortical thickness and biomechanical parameters is comparable to testosterone group. © 2018 - IOS Press and the authors.
publisher IOS Press
issn 8953996
language English
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