| Summary: | The aim of this study was to measure the levels of selected cytokines; interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin- 8 (IL-8) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to evaluate their implication in periimplant inflammation and their influence upon osseointegration, with a view to establish whether increased cytokine concentrations in the serum and or periimplant sulcus. 156 subjects (106 partially edentulous patients and 50 healthy controls); mean age, 25 years) were attending the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery in Specialized Surgeries Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. Subjects were grouped in to group1 consisted of 85 patients with working osseointegrated implants, group 2 consisted of 21 patients with at least one failed or diseased implants and group 3 was consisted of 50 randomly taken healthy control adult subjects (25 subjects of each sex). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used for analysis and detection of IL-1 •, IL-8 and GM-CSF in the patient sera and their periimplant sulcular fluid (PISF) specimens.The elevated PISF and serum levels of selected inflammatory cytokines is a result of their activation in the inflammatory process of the periimplantitis, however this activation may contribute to periimplant supportive tissue destruction and bone loss. © IDOSI Publications, 2012.
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