Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches
Conventional grading of oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) is still currently manually carried out in palm oil producing industries. The most critical part of the grading process is the categorization of the oil palm fruit bunches according to their ripeness. This paper presents a computer assisted...
Published in: | International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering |
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2-s2.0-79958256960 Jaffar A.; Jaafar R.; Jamil N.; Low C.Y.; Abdullah B. Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches 2009 International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering 9 10 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79958256960&partnerID=40&md5=aaaf524b500ac9a4e03eaa31b7fb967f Conventional grading of oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) is still currently manually carried out in palm oil producing industries. The most critical part of the grading process is the categorization of the oil palm fruit bunches according to their ripeness. This paper presents a computer assisted photogrammetric methodology which correlates the color of the palm oil fruits to their ripeness and eventually sorts them out physically. The methodology consists of five main phases, i.e. image acquisition, image pre-processing, image segmentation, calculation of color Digital Numbers (DN) and finally the classification of the fresh fruit bunches according to their ripeness. The software and hardware essentials for the implementation of the methodology have been developed and tested. The design of system is geared towards four main characteristics: (i) affordable in comparison to the labor cost in palm oil mills, (ii) reliable grading process equivalent to the task carried out by a skilled grader, (iii) sufficiently robust to withstand the oil palm mill environment without human intervention and (iv) synergistic integration of hardware and software systems. The system and the methodology formulated in this work have developed a complete automation grading system of oil palm FFB and thus drastically increased the grading productivity. 2077124X English Article |
author |
Jaffar A.; Jaafar R.; Jamil N.; Low C.Y.; Abdullah B. |
spellingShingle |
Jaffar A.; Jaafar R.; Jamil N.; Low C.Y.; Abdullah B. Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
author_facet |
Jaffar A.; Jaafar R.; Jamil N.; Low C.Y.; Abdullah B. |
author_sort |
Jaffar A.; Jaafar R.; Jamil N.; Low C.Y.; Abdullah B. |
title |
Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
title_short |
Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
title_full |
Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
title_fullStr |
Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
title_full_unstemmed |
Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
title_sort |
Photogrammetric grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunches |
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2009 |
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International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering |
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9 |
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10 |
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url |
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79958256960&partnerID=40&md5=aaaf524b500ac9a4e03eaa31b7fb967f |
description |
Conventional grading of oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) is still currently manually carried out in palm oil producing industries. The most critical part of the grading process is the categorization of the oil palm fruit bunches according to their ripeness. This paper presents a computer assisted photogrammetric methodology which correlates the color of the palm oil fruits to their ripeness and eventually sorts them out physically. The methodology consists of five main phases, i.e. image acquisition, image pre-processing, image segmentation, calculation of color Digital Numbers (DN) and finally the classification of the fresh fruit bunches according to their ripeness. The software and hardware essentials for the implementation of the methodology have been developed and tested. The design of system is geared towards four main characteristics: (i) affordable in comparison to the labor cost in palm oil mills, (ii) reliable grading process equivalent to the task carried out by a skilled grader, (iii) sufficiently robust to withstand the oil palm mill environment without human intervention and (iv) synergistic integration of hardware and software systems. The system and the methodology formulated in this work have developed a complete automation grading system of oil palm FFB and thus drastically increased the grading productivity. |
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2077124X |
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English |
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Scopus |
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1809678162275074048 |